Transgenics are also known as Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs). They are produced by incorporation of foreign gene or extra copies of an endogenous gene or a cloned or modified gene into their genetic make up.
Transgenic microbes:
Microorganisms with foreign genes for example Bacillus Streptomyces, Lactobcillus etc.
Transgenic plants:
Transgenic cotton plant (Bacillus Thuriengiensis), transgenic tomato i.e. Flavr Savr ( ploygalactouranase enzyme which leads to tomato fruit ripening ), transgenic rice (with higher vitamin A content), transgenic potato (higher protien content), transgenic tobacco (viral resistant) etc are type of transgenic plants.
Transgenic animals:
First transgenic animal was transgenic mouse (1982) involving transfer of growth hormone (GH) gene from rat to the mouse metallothionein (MT) gene.
Some transgenic animals are cattle (therapeutic human protiens in their milk e.g. tissue plasminogen activator in goat milk and blood clotting factor 8 in sheep milk), pig (organ transplantation without risk of rejection), mouse (human growth hormone), gene therapy though adenoviral vector or artificial human chromosome etc.
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